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Document 0958
DOCN M9650958
TI HIV preventive vaccines. Progress to date.
DT 9505
AU Esparza J; Osmanov S; Heyward WL; Global Programme on AIDS, World Health
Organization, Geneva,; Switzerland.
SO Drugs. 1995 Nov;50(5):792-804. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE MED/96153133
AB The major conceptual problem for HIV vaccine development has been the
lack of information on immune responses known to correlate with
protection against HIV infection in humans. In this regard, studies on
the natural history of HIV infection and AIDS, especially of people with
apparent resistance to HIV infection and of patients with HIV infection
who have long term survival without disease progression, may provide
important information for vaccine development. In addition, a major
concern for the development of broadly effective vaccines has been the
extensive genetic variability which is characteristic of HIV. In spite
of these unknowns, the first generation of HIV candidate vaccines has
been developed and evaluated. HIV candidate vaccines based on the
subunit recombinant envelope concept (gp120 or gp160) have been shown to
protect chimpanzees from HIV infection on challenge, and have now been
evaluated in humans in phase I and phase II trials. These products are
well tolerated, and capable of inducing neutralising antibodies, but not
cytotoxic T lymphocytes. A second vaccine concept, currently in phase I
trials, is based on live recombinant vectors, especially using poxvirus
vectors followed by boosting with subunit recombinant envelope vaccines.
This concept is theoretically very attractive because preliminary data
suggest that these vaccines induce both humoral and cell-mediated
immunity. However, no published information is available on the ability
of live recombinant vector vaccines to protect chimpanzees from HIV
infection. The next step in HIV vaccine development is to proceed
carefully to expanded phase II and phase III trials to assess the
protective efficacy of these candidate vaccines in humans. These trials
will be extremely complex from the logistical, scientific and ethical
points of view, and will require close collaboration between clinical,
basic science and behavioural researchers, national and international
organisations, and the pharmaceutical industry.
DE Animal *AIDS Vaccines Clinical Trials Human HIV
Infections/IMMUNOLOGY/*PREVENTION & CONTROL/VIROLOGY
HIV-1/GENETICS/IMMUNOLOGY JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW REVIEW, ACADEMIC
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).